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5无损音乐格式古典音乐冷门 - ECM 卡斯卡西安(中提琴) 亚美尼亚 -柯米塔斯(1869-1935)与曼苏里扬(b.1939)
Hayren - Music of Komitas and Tigran Mansurian
Kim Kashkashian, Robyn Schulkowsky, Tigran Mansurian
Composers: Komitas (1869-1935) 柯米塔斯 / 科米斯塔 / 克米斯塔,
Tigran Mansurian (b.1939) 季格兰·曼苏里扬 / 曼修灵
Artists: Kim Kashkashian (b.1952), viola 金·卡丝卡茜安 / 卡斯卡西安 / 卡什卡什扬, 中提琴
Robyn Schulkowsky, percussion
Tigran Mansurian, piano & voice 季格兰·曼苏里扬 / 曼修灵
Genre: Classical, contemporary
date: 10.06.2003
柯米塔斯(1869-1935),亚美尼亚(Armenia)神父,音乐家,亚美尼亚人的精神象征、亚美尼亚近代音乐之父。柯米塔斯的音乐富于生动的韵律和张弛,听起来像一条凉爽、纯洁、发光的溪流沁入内心深处。他把西方音乐形式扎实地、降地植入亚美尼亚民间和宗教音乐,为亚美尼亚音乐重新焕发青春奠定了坚实的基础。而他的灵魂深处,始终保存着一处虔诚,那是对民族深厚文化的忠贞和对国家光明前途的信心,成为亚美尼亚民族精神永恒的火炬。
曼苏里扬/又译曼修灵(Tigran Yeghiayi Mansurian, born 27 January 1939)是出生在黎巴嫩贝鲁特的亚美尼亚当代古典音乐、电影音乐作曲家,他在亚美尼亚完成学业并取得成功,曾在上世纪的60年代得过两次全苏作曲比赛第一名。曼苏里扬写下大量作品,并十分偏爱弦乐--尤其是中提琴乐器。因为他觉得,中提琴是世界上最为优美的歌唱性乐器。金·卡斯卡西安是美国亚美尼亚裔中提琴家,她演出了很多首曼苏里扬的新作品。作为世界上最着名的中提琴之一,金·卡斯卡西安近年来演奏推广大量的现代作品,并因此获得格莱美奖。
Kim Kashkashian brings Armenia’s leading contemporary composer to ECM New Series in a programme that also explores the roots of Armenian music. Compositions by Tigran Mansurian for viola and percussion, played by Kashkashian and Robyn Schulkowsky, receive their premiere recordings here, and frame a selection of Mansurian’s arrangements of the music of Komitas. Komitas (1869-1935) is revered by Armenians as his nation’s most brilliant songwriter. He was also more than this. Composer, priest, philosopher, poet, ethnomusicologist, collector of folk songs, writer of sacred and secular music that bridged the old and the new ... The fine line that connects the melodic character of the most ancient Armenian music with the works of contemporary Armenian composers runs through Komitas. In his settings of the Komitas pieces, Mansurian shows us the rich soil from which his own music springs.
Background
Tigran Mansurian’s composition “Nostalgia” was recently hailed as a highlight of Alexei Lubimov’s recital disc “Der Bote”. Now an important new recording from Kim Kashkashian brings Armenia’s leading contemporary composer to ECM New Series in a programme that also explores the roots of Armenian music. Compositions by Mansurian for viola and percussion, played by Kashkashian and Robyn Schulkowsky, receive their premiere recordings here, and frame a selection of Mansurian’s arrangements of the music of Komitas.
Komitas (1869-1935) is revered by Armenians as his nation’s most brilliant songwriter. He was also more than this. Composer, priest, philosopher, poet, ethnomusicologist, collector of folk songs, writer of sacred and secular music that bridged the old and the new …. The fine line that connects the melodic character of the most ancient Armenian music with the works of contemporary Armenian composers runs through Komitas.
In his settings of the Komitas pieces, Mansurian shows us the rich soil from which his own music springs. Analogies can be drawn also with Kashkashian’s last disc, the widely acclaimed “Voci”, on which Berio’s music was set alongside the folksongs that inspired it. In exploring Komitas, American-Armenian violist Kashkashian is also contacting her own roots. Kashkashian and Mansurian understand each other perfectly here. When they first met, the music of Komitas proved a common bond. “The necessity to live with our traditional melodies was already apparent to both of us,” says Mansurian, “and I understood that these pieces belong as much to Kim as they do to Komitas.”
The Mansurian/Kashkashian association was further strengthened by an “Armenian Night” realized with the help of Manfred Eicher, at the 1999 Bergen International Music Festival, in which Kashkashian, Robyn Schulkowsky, and Jan Garbarek participated, along with the Yerevan Chamber Choir and leading Armenian soloists. During the concert some of Mansurian’s works were played for the first time, including the Duet for Viola and Percussion, and “Havik”. Mansurian: “The poetical text and the melody of this song were written by the great 10th century Armenian mystic Grigor Narekatsi.” An early 20th century recording of Komitas singing this song exists, and it inspired Mansurian’s composition, in which he “tried to retain all the nuances of Komitasian performance.”
The album’s title, “Hayren” alludes to the “poetical style most beloved by Armenians, which has a tradition of centuries.” Mansurian continues, ‘Hayren’ is dense with the phonetics and intonation of our language, and the Armenian landscape and aspects of Armenian worldview and sentiment are also present.”
The Kim Kashkashian/Robyn Schulkowsky duo is an enduring and original chamber music group, first brought together by producer Eicher and now in its 14th year of existence. A number of composers have now written work specifically for its unorthodox instrumentation. Mansurian himself, having composed for the duo, also makes his own unique contribution as a performer on “Hayren”, both as pianist and vocalist in his own arrangements of the Komitas songs. As he makes clear in his liner notes, he is not a “singer” in the accepted sense but it is precisely the heartfelt “artlessness” of his delivery that draws out the charm of the material, that returns it to “folk music”, in the best sense.
Press reactions:
The bulk of this album comprises Mansurian’s adaptations of 12 of Komitas’s songs, and Mansurian’s love and respect shines from every one of his arrangements. In 1915 the Turkish administration sent Komitas to a prison camp. Released thanks to the intervention of the American ambassador and a distinguished Turkish poet, he was then committed to a psychiatric institution. His library of crucial research into early music was destroyed, but his significance as a link to the genesis of the modern nation and his importance as a re-discoverer of ancient traditions survived. The song arrangements and the two Mansurian compositions bracketing them convincingly and movingly conjure up the lost history.
Mansurian calls his voice “poor”, but what it undoubtedly lacks in accuracy and resonance, his singing makes up for in honest feeling, transcending expectations to create a very real, very affecting beauty. His instrumental arrangements achieve a similar atmosphere, intensified by Kashkashian’s ravishingly lovely, deeply human tone and Schulkowsky’s sensitive percussion playing. If these versions of the Komitas songs don’t bring you to tears, I suggest you book in for an ECG without delay. The Duet, imbued with genuine but clear-eyed sentiment, is a perfect complement to the songs.
Barry Witherden, Gramophone
This ECM disc turns to the music of Armenia, as refracted by the 20th-century folklorist Komitas. The mournful pining of Kim Kashkashian’s viola is the dominant sound here, but it is augmented by piano and percussion. The large Duet for Viola and Percussion by Tigran Mansurian is a contemporary work, but, like its companions on this haunting disc, it is aglow with echoes of a distant but living tradition.
Andrew Clarke, The Independent
This time Kim Kashkashian brings her virtuosity and vitality to a premier work for viola and percussion by Tigran Mansurian, Armenia’s leading contemporary composer. The Mansurian composition, in turn, is framed by Mansurian’s arrangements of the music of Komitas, the Armenian composer, priest, philosopher, poet, ethnomusicologist, collector of folk songs, and writer of sacred and secular music. The result is rich and rewarding. … This music is mystical, reflective, tender, and colored by plaintive eastern European melodies and Kashkashian’s supremely dark and beautiful tone. This remarkable recording makes you wish more string players would break from the pack and venture into this untapped musical realm where the ancient and the modern coexist with such grace. We can appreciate Kashkashian all the more for her willingness to explore the wide world around her and to bring back these gems.
Greg Cahill, Strings
The disc offers two original works by Mansurian, and a group of his own extraordinary adaptations of songs by Komitas – the priestly, assumed name of the great Armenian folk-music scholar, composer and singer who died in 1935. These deeply affecting, soulful songs are a revelation. By utilizing the remarkable artistry of violist Kim Kashkashian (whose roots are also Armenian) and percussionist Robyn Schulkowsky, as well as his own piano playing and “poor voice”, as he calls it, Mansurian has reinscribed Komitas’s attenuated, folk-like melodies in supremely effective settings. The voice is indeed thin, high pitched, untutored; tremulous and insecure, he sings as though to himself, straining at times to hold the pitch or sustain the breath. But it’s done with unflinching commitment, as though his very life depended on it. What, though, is one to make of Mansurian’s choice of his own “poor voice” in company of this calibre? I think the disparity is deliberate, and laden with meaning. It emphatically asserts the popular, demotic origins of this – perhaps of all – music, whatever its later sophistications; and it claims a “transcendental” relevance for ancient Armenian melody.
Christopher Ballantine, International Record Review
Track list:
1. Tigran Mansurian (b.1939) - Havik
Komitas (1869-1935) 柯米塔斯
2. Garun a (viola, piano, voice, percussion)
3. Krunk (piano, voice)
4. Chinar es (piano, voice)
5. Krunk (viola, percussion)
6. Hov arek (piano, voice)
7. Hoy, Nazan (viola, piano, voice)
8. Krunk (piano, voice)
9. Tsirani tsar (piano, voice, percussion)
10. Oror (piano)
11. Antuni (piano, voice)
12. Oror (piano)
13. Tigran Mansurian (b.1939) - Duet For Viola and Percussion
曼苏里扬 - 中提琴和打击乐二重奏
TT: 54'25
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